every division of the nine
SCOTUSgami
A justice may join the majority, dissent, or take no part. Every row below is one possible alignment of the Roberts Court since Justice Jackson joined — October Term 2022 to today. The lit ones have actually happened.
Each row is one possible Court — one column per justice, most liberal (Sotomayor) to most conservative (Thomas), left to right.
majoritydissenttook no partLit rows have happened · faded rows await their first case
Full bench
37 of 256 happened9–01/1100% seen
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
8–15/956% seen
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
7–28/3622% seen
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
6–311/8413% seen
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
5–412/12610% seen
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
One justice out
7 of 837 happened8–04/944% seen
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
7–10/720% seen
Sotomayor out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Barrett out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
6–22/252<1% seen
Sotomayor out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Barrett out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
5–31/504<1% seen
Sotomayor out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Barrett out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
▸Two justices out
0 of 2304 happened
Two justices out
0 of 2304 happened7–00/360% seen
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
6–10/2520% seen
Sotomayor + Jackson out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Kagan out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Roberts out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Barrett out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Kagan out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Roberts out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Barrett out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Roberts out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Barrett out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts + Barrett out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts + Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Barrett + Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Barrett + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Barrett + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Barrett + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kavanaugh + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kavanaugh + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kavanaugh + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Gorsuch + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Gorsuch + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Alito + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
5–20/7560% seen
Sotomayor + Jackson out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Kagan out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Roberts out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Barrett out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Kagan out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Roberts out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Barrett out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Roberts out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Barrett out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts + Barrett out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts + Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Barrett + Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Barrett + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Barrett + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Barrett + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kavanaugh + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kavanaugh + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kavanaugh + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Gorsuch + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Gorsuch + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Alito + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
4–30/12600% seen
Sotomayor + Jackson out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Kagan out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Roberts out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Barrett out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Sotomayor + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Kagan out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Roberts out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Barrett out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Jackson + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Roberts out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Barrett out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kagan + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts + Barrett out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts + Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Roberts + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Barrett + Kavanaugh out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Barrett + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Barrett + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Barrett + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kavanaugh + Gorsuch out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kavanaugh + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Kavanaugh + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Gorsuch + Alito out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Gorsuch + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Alito + Thomas out
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas
Rare benches
1 of 1 happenedother1/1100% seen
SotomayorJacksonKaganRobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas